Installation · FAQ
Tutorials and Instructions
Game interface · README.md
InfrastructureTutorials and Instructions
Game interface · README.md
In OpenTTD, the fastest train would catch up to the slowest, forcing it to come to a complete halt for the next block that the slow train is occupying. This then forces the fast train to start from a standstill and eventually catch up with the slow train again and repeat the process. A UK Train Set for OpenTTD including all the latest British Rail classes to be introduced between 2015 and 2025. This set is designed to be played with BRTrains (BRTrains lacks classes from after 2015, so this newGRF completes the gap) rather than on its own.
Railways:
- Signals · Stations · Junctions · Carrying capacity · Rail Designs & Tips
Game options · Settings · AI settings ·Custom graphics · Cheats
Graphics and sound
More topicsClimates · Towns · Industries · Economy ·Disasters · Tips ·Hidden features · Hotkeys ·Console · Game Mechanics ·Multiplayer · Scenario editor ·Online content
Troubleshooting · LinksHere you can find information about how OpenTTD calculates in-game figures.
You always wanted to know how the station-rating was built up? How goods-distribution works? Here you can find it!
|
Company rating
Each part of the company rating is a linear function, i.e. earning 50% of the target for a component will give 50% of the points allocated for that component. Where components involve monetary amounts, these are converted to the currency of the current game; internally these amounts are stored as the pound amount.
Component | Target | Points (min) | Points (max) | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of company-owned vehicles that turned profit last year | >=120 | 0 points for 0 vehicles | 100 points for at least 120 vehicles | 0 to 10% |
Number of recently-served station parts that the company owns | >=80 | 0 points for 0 parts | 100 points for at least 80 parts | 0 to 10% |
Lowest profit of vehicles at least two years old | >=£10,000 | 0 points for loss or £0 | 100 points for at least £10,000 | 0 to 10% |
Lowest quarterly revenue earned in the past 3 years | >=£50k | 0 points for £0 | 50 points for at least £50k | 0 to 5% |
Highest quarterly revenue earned in the past 3 years | >=£100k | 0 points for £0 | 100 points for at least £100k | 0 to 10% |
Units of cargo delivered in the past year | >=40,000 | 0 points for 0 units | 400 points for at least 40,000 units | 0 to 40% |
Number of types of cargo delivered in the past quarter | >=8 | 0 points for 0 cargo-types | 50 points for at least 8 cargo-types | 0 to 5% |
Current cash in bank | >=£10m | 0 points for £0 | 50 points for at least £10m | 0 to 5% |
Current loan from bank | £0 | 0 points for >£250k | 50 points for £0 | 0 to 5% |
Totals | 0 points | 1000 points | 0 to 100% |
|
|
Station rating
This section shows the factors that affect the station rating. All calculations are done separately for each cargo type.
Factor | Condition | Rating points | Rating % |
---|---|---|---|
Max speed of last vehicle to load cargo (to a max of 255 km/h) Divide speed by 2 if it was a road vehicle. | Above 85 km/h (52 mph) | (Speed (km/h) - 85) / 4 | 0% to 17% |
Age in years of last vehicle to load cargo | 2 | 10 | 4% |
1 | 20 | 8% | |
0 | 33 | 13% | |
Days since last cargo pickup Multiply days in 'Condition' column by 4 if last vehicle was a ship. (Note: If a vehicle was ready to pick up a cargo but there was no cargo, or if it was full, it is still regarded as a cargo pickup. This may be a bug.) | 30 to 52.5 | 25 | 10% |
15 to 30 | 50 | 20% | |
7.5 to 15 | 95 | 37% | |
less than 7.5 | 130 | 51% | |
Units of cargo waiting at station Note: if cargo has been transferred to other stations, then the game MAY consider the maximum cargo waiting at any of those stations as the waiting cargo for the source station: TruncateCargo().This is triggered when the game truncates cargo (waiting_changed = true), which occurs when any of the stations meet the following conditions:
| More than 1500 | -90 | -35% |
1001 to 1500 | -35 | -14% | |
601 to 1000 | 0 | 0% | |
301 to 600 | 10 | 4% | |
101 to 300 | 30 | 12% | |
less than 100 | 40 | 16% | |
Statue in town of station | Built | 26 | 10% |
Event | Condition | Rating point change | Rating % change |
Small advertising campaign bought | Station within 10 tiles of town center | +64 | +25pp |
Medium advertising campaign bought | Station within 15 tiles of town center | +112 | +44pp |
Large advertising campaign bought | Station within 20 tiles of town center | +160 | +63pp |
Road vehicle crashed | Station within 22 tiles of crash | -160 | -63pp |
Train crashed | Station within 30 tiles of crash | -160 | -63pp |
Town bribe failed | Station within town influence | -255 | -100pp |
Divide the total rating points by 255 to get the percent rating. The maximum possible rating is 100%.
Every 2.5 days (185 ticks), station ratings are computed; ratings can't change by more than 2 points (0.78%) per cycle, except due to items under 'Event'.Events give an instant, temporary boost (or penalty) to ratings of nearby stations. The rating will gradually return to normal, following the 2 point per 2.5 days rule.
The amount of cargo that can be transported from an industry is fully reliant on the station rating. This means that if there is exactly one station serving an industry, on ticks when the industry produces cargo, exactly station rating % of the cargo will be moved to the station. So if the amount of cargo transported from an industry is low, it is probably because the station rating is low, too.
Note: The exact formula can be seen under 'UpdateStationRating()' in station_cmd.cpp. This uses some values calculated in 'LoadUnloadVehicle()' in economy.cpp.
Note: If the rating gets to be less than 50%, the station starts losing cargo.
Note: If the amount of cargo waiting is greater than 4096 units (or 4,096,000 liters), the station also starts losing cargo. There is a hard cap of 32,768 units of cargo that can be waiting at a station. Any more than that completely disappears every few days. [5]
Cargo delivery to stations
Goods are distributed to stations according to station rating.
If there is only only station around, then a percentage of available goods equal to the station's rating is distributed to it every 2.5 day cycle.
If multiple stations are present, then goods are divided between them based on rating. If there are stations belonging to more than one company, then goods are first divided between companies according to the best station of each company: the proportion of goods allocated to a company C is equal to the best station rating of C over the sum of all best station ratings for all companies. Note that this will be equal to 100% if all stations belong to one company. Then each company's allocation is subdivided among its stations. A station S belonging to C receives a fraction of C's company allocation equal to the rating of S over the sum of the ratings of all stations belonging to C.
Local authority rating
Ratings limit some player actions; they start at +500 and can change based on some actions.
Currently you can exploit the game by planting about 200 trees within a town's influence radius. You may need to clear an area first, in order to have somewhere to plant them, but planting 200 will raise even a minimum rating of -1000 to 220. If your rating is Mediocre or lower, planting 30 trees will approximately wipe out the rating penalty from building one station. Planting trees while at a rating of Very Good or better has no effect.
|
the Difficulty option City council attitude towards area restructuring. ** For default buildings. NewGRFs can set this number from 0 to >1000, which effectively makes the building unremovable. |
Each month players' ratings automatically change:
- Rating goes up by 5 if it is less than 200.
- Rating goes up by 12 for each station that has transferred cargo in the last 50 days.
- Rating goes down by 15 for each station that has not transferred cargo in the last 50 days.
Example:
A player has a rating of -300, (Very Poor), 2 active stations and 1 inactive station at a town.
5pts + 2 * 12pts - 15pts = 14pts points gain per month.
(-200 - -300)pts / 14pts/mo = 8 months before the town will let him build another station.
A player has a rating of -300, (Very Poor), 2 active stations and 1 inactive station at a town.
5pts + 2 * 12pts - 15pts = 14pts points gain per month.
(-200 - -300)pts / 14pts/mo = 8 months before the town will let him build another station.
Code for town ratings is in town.h, town_cmd.c, tree_cmd.c, and road_cmd.c.
Passenger and Mail generation
Towns and the company headquarters generate passengers and mail, while oil rigs only generate passengers.
Town Passenger Generation
In each periodic processing (i.e. every 256 ticks), a random value 0<=X<=255 is generated for each house tile. If X isn't smaller than the population of the tile, no passengers are generated. Otherwise, X/8+1 passengers are generated (rounded down). If there is a recession going on, the number of generated passengers is halved, but this division gets rounded up instead of down. Mail generation happens in a similar manner, but with a new random value, and checking against the mail generation multiplier instead of the population. See the full list of default values for HouseProps: [6]
Company Headquarters
The Company Headquarters is a unique structure that generates passengers and mail depending on it's level which is dependent on the performance rating of the company. Higher level company HQs generate more passengers and mail, the output of the headquarters is evenly distributed over all four tiles on a per tile basis as per the following formulas:
Passengers: 256 / 4 tiles / (6 - company HQ Level (a value between 1 and 5) )
Mail: 196 / 4 tiles / (6 - company HQ Level (a value between 1 and 5) )
Industry production
Here is how the game determines how much cargo an industry produces per month. Production of raw materials happens 8 or 9 times per month. (It happens every 256 ticks. There are 74 ticks in a day, and 28 to 31 days in a month (date_type.h). This means that only about 9% of industries will produce 9 times in a 28-day February, but about 96% of industries will produce 9 times in a 31-day month like March.) The production will always be a multiple of 8 or 9, unless the industry changed production during that month.
This table lists possible starting productions governed by the smooth economy patch. These numbers are multiples of 8. When the game generates a new map, each industry produced 8 times and had no production changes in the December before the game started.
Raw Material Industry | Produced Cargo | Initial production range |
---|---|---|
Coal Mine | Coal | 56 to 176 |
Forest | Wood | 48 to 152 |
Oil Rig | Oil | 56 to 176 |
Farm | Grain and Livestock | 40 to 112 |
Copper Ore Mine | Copper Ore | 56 to 112 |
Oil Wells | Oil | 48 to 152 |
Iron Ore Mine | Iron Ore | 40 to 112 |
Bank (temperate) | Valuables | 24 to 64 |
Gold Mine | Gold | 24 to 80 |
Diamond Mine | Diamonds | 24 to 80 |
Fruit Plantation | Fruit | 40 to 112 |
Rubber Plantation | Rubber | 40 to 112 |
Water Supply | Water | 48 to 152 |
Farm | Maize | 40 to 128 |
Lumber Mill | Wood | 180 or 225 (if trees available) |
Candyfloss Forest | Cotton Candy | 48 to 152 |
Battery Farm | Batteries | 40 to 128 |
Cola Wells | Cola | 48 to 136 |
Plastic Fountains | Plastic | 56 to 160 |
Bubble Generator | Bubbles | 48 to 152 |
Toffee Quarry | Toffee | 40 to 112 |
Sugar Mine | Sugar | 40 to 128 |
(To calculate this table, look under _origin_industry_specs in table/build_industry.h for the industry and its cargo. The sugar mine has
CT_SUGAR, 11
, so the production starts at 11. Apply the formula from DoCreateNewIndustry() in industry_cmd.cpp: multiply the production by a random integer from 128 to 383, then divide by 256, rounding down. So 11 becomes 5 to 16. Finally, multiply it by 8 to get 40 to 128.)Production change
Each month the game randomly changes some industry productions.
Default / TTD-like Economy Rules
For 256x256 tile maps there is one change per month possible (only 1 industry changes). Number scales nicely with map size since the introduction of 'Daily production changes' function in trunk (r14332).
- As with smooth economy, industries produce cargo 8 or 9 times per month.
However - productions are limited to 6 production levels: lowest, lower, normal (with a new game started or a new industry built), higher, 2x higher and the highest.Production changes between these levels are either a 50% decrease (half) or a 100% increase (double).
- Examples:
- A Coal Mine: lowest (32 or 40 t per month), lower (64 or 72), normal (120 or 135), higher (240 or 270), 2x higher (480 or 540) and the highest (960 or 1080).
- A Forest: lowest (32 or 64 t per month), lower (35 or 70), normal (78 or 117), higher (208 or 260), 2x higher (416 or 468) and the highest (832 or 936).
- A Gold Mine: lowest (12 or 18 bags/month), lower (32 or 40), normal (56 or 63), higher (112 or 126), 2x higher (224 or 252) and the highest (448 or 504).
To make things simple, let's look what are the chances for 256x256 maps (max. 1 change per month = max. 1 industry per month changes production):
- The chance for a production change each month is:
- 50% for
only_decrease
industry to decrease (currently only Temperate terrain Oil Wells) or - 50% for 1/3 chance (=16.7%) that other industry (non
only_decrease
) changes production.
- 50% for
- If a production change does occur (~16.7% chance per month):
- For an industry that has poor or no service (less than 60% of its cargo is transported): 33% chance of increase, 67% chance of decrease.
- For an industry that has good (greater than 60%) service: 67% chance of increase, 33% chance of decrease.
- There is no bonus for excellent service with default economy.
- To calculate the chance for a particular change, i.e. 50% * 1/3 * 33% = 5.56%:
- Poor service: 5.56% that 1 possible change per month is an increase and 11.12% that 1 possible change per month is a decrease.
- Good service: 11.12% that 1 possible change per month is an increase and 5.56% that 1 possible change per month is a decrease.
Smooth Economy Rules
Out of Date
This article or section is outdated. Some of its content may no longer be accurate due to changes in the latest release. Please update this article.
Difficulty setting and Advanced setting have been replaced by Settings
This article or section is outdated. Some of its content may no longer be accurate due to changes in the latest release. Please update this article.
Difficulty setting and Advanced setting have been replaced by Settings
- Distinguish Smooth economy (advanced setting) and Steady economy (difficulty setting)
- The chance for a production change each month is 4.5%, i.e. 4.5% of producing industries from industry list change production.
- If a production change does occur:
- For an
only_decrease
industry (currently only Temperate terrain Oil Wells) 0% chance of increase, 100% chance of decrease. - For an industry that has poor or no service (less than 60% of its cargo is transported): 33% chance of increase, 67% chance of decrease.
- For an industry that has good (greater than 60%) service: 67% chance of increase, 33% chance of decrease.
- For an industry that has excellent (greater than 80%) service: 83% chance of increase, 17% chance of decrease.
- For an
- These two are multiplied together, i.e. 4.5% * 33% = 1.5%:
only_decrease
industry: 0% chance to increase and 4.5% chance to decrease- Poor service: 1.5% chance to increase and 3.0% chance to decrease
- Good service: 3.0% chance to increase and 1.5% chance to decrease
- Excellent service: 3.75% chance to increase and 0.75% chance to decrease
- With the Smooth economy option enabled, production changes per month are between 3% and 23%
- Industries with very low productions, (i.e. 12-40 tonnes per month) will have higher changes.
- Primary industries produce cargo 8 or 9 times a month. Monthly production is an industries 'base value' multiplied times 8 or 9. For example, the base value for a coal mine is 15 tons, so the monthly production is 120 or 135 tons. This base value is capped at 255, so the maximum possible monthly production for any industry is 2040 or 2295. Ref
Special Cases
- Oil Rig passenger production is limited to 16 passengers per production event, meaning a maximum of 144 or 128 passengers per month. [7]
- Lumber Mill is technically not a producing industry and is classified as a secondary industry in the code. Four or five times a month it will search outward in a 40 by 40 area in a spiral pattern looking for a fully-grown tree to cut down. If it finds one, the tile will be demolished and 45 tons of wood will be output. This means it has a maximum production of 225 or 180 tons of wood per month, solely dependent on the availability of trees.[8]
- Temperate climate Banks never change production (except due to the 8 vs 9 production events per month).
Examples
If a coal mine has 70% of its output transported, there is a 3% chance (4.5% * 67%) of a production increase from 3-23% and a 1.5% chance (4.5% * 33%) of a production decrease from 3-23% (but 13% on average).
(1 + (0.03 - 0.015) * 0.13) ^ 12 - 1 = 0.0237 or 2.37%
The coal mine will grow an average of 2.37% on average after the first year.
(1.0237 ^ 20) - 1 = 59.6% after twenty years
(1.0237 ^ 50) - 1 = 321.8% or 3.22x after fifty years
(1.0237 ^ 100) - 1 = 10.35x after one hundred years
(1.0237 ^ 20) - 1 = 59.6% after twenty years
(1.0237 ^ 50) - 1 = 321.8% or 3.22x after fifty years
(1.0237 ^ 100) - 1 = 10.35x after one hundred years
For an industry with rating of more than 80%, there is a 3.75% chance of increase and 0.75% chance of decrease:
(1 + (0.0375 - 0.0075) * 0.13) ^ 12 - 1 = 0.0478 or 4.78%
(1 + (0.0375 - 0.0075) * 0.13) ^ 12 - 1 = 0.0478 or 4.78%
The industry will grow approximately 4.78% on average after the first year.
(1.0478 ^ 20) - 1 = 2.54x after twenty years
(1.0478 ^ 50) - 1 = 10.32x after fifty years
(1.0478 ^ 100) - 1 = 106.62x after one hundred years
(1.0478 ^ 20) - 1 = 2.54x after twenty years
(1.0478 ^ 50) - 1 = 10.32x after fifty years
(1.0478 ^ 100) - 1 = 106.62x after one hundred years
For an industry with the
(1 + (0 - 0.045) * 0.13) ^ 12 - 1 = (0.99415) ^ 12 -1 = -0.068 or -6.8%
only_decrease
flag set (currently Temperate Oil Wells), there is only a 4.5% chance of decrease:(1 + (0 - 0.045) * 0.13) ^ 12 - 1 = (0.99415) ^ 12 -1 = -0.068 or -6.8%
The industry will shrink on average by approximately 6.8% after the first year.
(0.9320 ^ 20) = 24.46% of initial production after twenty years
(0.9320 ^ 50) = 2.96% of initial production after fifty years
(0.9320 ^ 20) = 24.46% of initial production after twenty years
(0.9320 ^ 50) = 2.96% of initial production after fifty years
ln(0.5) / ln(0.99415) = 118.1 months or 9.84 years is the half life of an
ln(8 / 48) / ln(0.99415) = 305.9 months or 25.4 years is the mean lifetime of a temperate Oil Wells (starting at 48 oil/month).
ln(8 / 152) / ln(0.99415) = 501.8 months or 41.8 years is the mean lifetime of a temperate Oil Wells (starting at 152 oil/month).
only_decrease
industry.ln(8 / 48) / ln(0.99415) = 305.9 months or 25.4 years is the mean lifetime of a temperate Oil Wells (starting at 48 oil/month).
ln(8 / 152) / ln(0.99415) = 501.8 months or 41.8 years is the mean lifetime of a temperate Oil Wells (starting at 152 oil/month).
For good service, it takes 29.6 years on average to double; with excellent service, it takes 14.8 years. If in the game's time a day is 2.36 seconds, then the doubling time with good service is 7.1 hours; with excellent service, the doubling time is 3.6 hours. For production to go from near bottom of 100 to near maximum of 2040 or 2295 takes 130 years with good service and 65 years with excellent service.
However, in game you will find industries changing their production rate very randomly. It must be stressed the above examples are only true when observing many industries over the long-term; individual industries may greatly deviate from these averages. Statistically speaking, 6 out of 10 industries will not go from 100 to 2040-2295 even with the best service during 65 years. About 1 out of 9 industries will even lower their production when being served at 60-80% cargo transported for 50 years.
For more responsiveness from industries, adapt the number of wagons to industry production (for the lowest production, you should use two wagons). [Full Load] orders are usually used for such cargo trains.
Note: The exact formula can be seen under 'ChangeIndustryProduction()' in industry_cmd.cpp.
Delivery payment rates
The amount you get paid for delivering cargo is based on 4 factors: the amount of cargo you deliver, the value of the cargo, the distance you deliver it, and how on-time you deliver it.
Cargo | Units | Early Delivery Time (days) | Late Delivery Time (days) | Initial cargo payment (pounds) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Passengers | Immediate | 24 | £39 | |
Valuables | Bags | 1 | 32 | £91 |
Livestock | Items | 4 | 18 | £53 |
Grain | Tons | 4 | 40 | £58 |
Goods | Crates | 5 | 28 | £75 |
Coal | Tons | 7 | None | £72 |
Steel | Tons | 7 | None | £69 |
Iron Ore | Tons | 9 | None | £62 |
Wood | Tons | 15 | None | £61 |
Oil | Kiloliters | 25 | None | £54 |
Bags | 20 | 90 | £55 | |
Arctic specific | ||||
Wheat | Tons | 4 | 40 | £58 |
Paper | Tons | 7 | 60 | £66 |
Gold | Bags | 10 | 40 | £71 |
Food | Tons | Immediate | 30 | £69 |
Tropical specific | ||||
Rubber | Kiloliters | 2 | 20 | £54 |
Fruit | Tons | Immediate | 15 | £51 |
Maize | Tons | 4 | 40 | £53 |
Tropical Wood | Tons | 15 | None | £97 |
Copper Ore | Tons | 12 | None | £59 |
Water | Kiloliters | 20 | 80 | £57 |
Diamonds | Bags | 10 | None | £71 |
Toyland specific | ||||
Sugar | Tons | 20 | None | £54 |
Toys | 25 | None | £68 | |
Batteries | 2 | 30 | £53 | |
Sweets | Tons | 8 | 40 | £75 |
Toffee | Tons | 14 | 60 | £58 |
Cola | Kiloliters | 5 | 75 | £59 |
Candyfloss | Tons | 10 | 25 | £61 |
Bubbles | 20 | 80 | £62 | |
Plastic | Kiloliters | 30 | None | £54 |
Fizzy Drinks | 30 | 50 | £76 |
Initial cargo payment values are for delivering 100 pieces of cargo 1 tile. Payment goes up with inflation as the game progresses.
Late delivery penalties:
- For each day after the Early Delivery time that you deliver the cargo, you are penalized 0.4%.
- For each day after the Late Delivery time that you deliver the cargo, you are penalized an additional 0.4%.
- Maximum penalty is 88%.
Examples (no inflation):
Deliver 200,000 liters of oil 20 squares in 10 days:
2 * £54 * 20 squares * 100% = £2160
Deliver 200,000 liters of oil 20 squares in 10 days:
2 * £54 * 20 squares * 100% = £2160
Deliver 100 bags of mail 100 squares in 100 days:
£55 * 100 squares * (1 - 0.80*0.4 - 0.10*0.4) = £3520
£55 * 100 squares * (1 - 0.80*0.4 - 0.10*0.4) = £3520
HINT calculate easy:
Income = cargo units * cargo value * 0.4
Cargo value comes from the Y-axis on the specific transported goods graph in-game
measure your real delivery time in days and plot on x-axisThis result will give you an easy estimation of your income with 5% deviation
Notes:Income = cargo units * cargo value * 0.4
Cargo value comes from the Y-axis on the specific transported goods graph in-game
measure your real delivery time in days and plot on x-axisThis result will give you an easy estimation of your income with 5% deviation
- The exact formula is much more complicated and slightly more accurate, due to rounding error when converting from larger discrete values. See economy.cpp (GetTransportedGoodsIncome()) and Cargo income.
- Distance is measured between the name-labeled tiles of the stations, not from the industries or by vehicle distance traveled. It is computed by adding the differences in x and y tiles (manhattan distance), not straight-line distance.
- Each cargo has a characteristic time at which payment is maximized, assuming you can keep it moving away from the source station at a constant speed. For a cargo with a 'late delivery' penalty, this time is typically around 70 days; for one without, this is typically around 130 days.
Vehicle speeds
Internally OpenTTD works with a unit called 'km-ish/h', which is equal to 'mph*1.6'. The conversion factor from km-ish/h to km/h is 1.00584, and the conversion factor from km-ish/h to mph is 1.6.
A tile is, for vehicle speed purposes 664.(216) km-ish, 668 km or 415 miles long. This is based on the following facts:
- A tile has 16 sub locations per X/Y axis.
- A vehicle has stores remainder of tile movement in a byte called subspeed, thus has 256 different values.
- The vehicle's (raw) speed is added to subspeed. The resulting number is divided by 256, the remainder is stored in subspeed and the vehicle is moved quotient sub locations forward. For trains and aircraft the raw speed is in km-ish/h, for road vehicles/ships in 0.5 km-ish/h. For trains and aircraft this step is done twice a tick, whereas ships and road vehicles do it once a tick.
- A day contains 74 ticks, and takes 24 hours.
Now assume a vehicle going 1 km-ish/hour: (1 * 16 * 256) / (74 * 2) * 24 = 664.(216).
The net result is that 100 km/hour is ~3.6 tiles/day.
Aircraft
- By default aircraft fly at a quarter of their listed speed (this can be changed in advanced settings).
- Aircraft acceleration varies per aircraft, between 144 km-ish/h/day and 400 km-ish/h/day.
- Broken down planes fly at 320 km-ish/h.
- Airport taxi speed is 150 km-ish/h.
Road Vehicles
- Road vehicles accelerate at 37 km-ish/h/day.
- Road vehicles go around corners at half their max speed.
- Road vehicles accelerate an additional 74 km-ish/h/day downhill.
- When going uphill, road vehicles slow down 10% 4 times per tile. This balances out with acceleration at 34-ish km/h for all road vehicles.
(Note: This does not apply when using the improved road vehicle acceleration model.)
Ships
- Ships accelerate at 37 km-ish/h/day.
- A 'stopped' ship resumes its last speed instantly.
Trains
(with the realistic train acceleration patch)
A memoir meaning.
A memoir meaning.
- Trains are not affected going up or down hills if they are powerful enough.
- Trains are limited to entering and exiting a depot and making 90° turns at 61 km/h.
- Trains can make one 45° turn or two 45° turns in opposite directions at a time without slowing down.
- When making two or more 45° turns in the same direction, the max speed is limited as follows:
|
|
'Curvature' means the average number of wagons of the train between turns. However, very sharp turns (curvatures 0 and 1) are not averaged out in longer trains.
Openttd Train Station
- New railtypes can specify custom maximum curve speeds in the same steps as the three default types in the table.
- Tilting trains gain an additional bonus of 20% on the maximum speed.
- Train acceleration and max speed are affected by engine power, maximum tractive effort (all engines and powered wagons combined), current speed, air drag, total train mass, and wagons/engines on slopes.
- Non maglev train Acceleration spreadsheet can be found on tt-forums: tt-forums
- Braking is twice acceleration except when entering a depot or a station.
See also: Realistic acceleration and Corners.
See ground_vehicle.cpp, aircraft_cmd.cpp, roadveh_cmd.cpp, ship_cmd.cpp, train_cmd.cpp, vechicle.cpp for code. Windows 7 remote desktop app.
As of OpenTTD 1.6.1, given power in hp, max tractive effort in kN, total weight of the train in tonnes, the number train parts (engines and wagons), the air drag value of the first engine in the train (NewGRF setting, defaults to
min(192,max(1,floor(2048/max_speed)))
, meaning faster trains are built more aerodynamically), the combined weight of any train parts (engines or wagons) currently on an up-slope, the combined weight of any train parts (engines or wagons) currently on a down-slope, the slope steepness (game setting [1-10], default 3), and the current speed of the train in km/h, the acceleration of a non-maglev train can be calculated as follows:force = min((max_te * 1000), floor((power * 746) / (current_speed * 5/18))) [N]
slope_force = weight_on_upslope * slope_steepness * 100 - weight_on_downslope * slope_steepness * 100 [N]
axle_friction = total_weight * 10 [N]
rolling_friction = floor((current_speed + 512) * 15 / 512) * total_weight [N]
air_drag_coefficient = 14 * floor(air_drag_value * (1 + number_of_parts * 3/20)) / 1000
air_drag = floor(air_drag_coefficient * current_speed^2) [N]
acceleration = (force - (slope_force + axle_friction + rolling_friction + air_drag)) / (total_weight * 4) [256th of a km/h per half-tick]
Note: air_drag_coefficient is twice that if any part of the train is in a tunnel.
Given the same values, the equilibrium speed, e.g. the speed the train would eventually settle on if the same conditions continued indefinitely, can be calculated as follows [Assuming a constant
rolling_friction
(i.e. the speed stays below 512 km/h), and ignoring the flooring of force
and air_drag
to an integer value]:p = (slope_force + axle_friction + rolling_friction) / air_drag_coefficient
q = (-power * 746 * 18/5) / air_drag_coefficient
C = (27/2*q + ((27/2*q)^2 + 27*p^3)^(1/2))^(1/3)
equilibrium = min(max_speed, p/C - C/3, max(0, max_te * 1000 / air_drag_coefficient - p)^(1/2))
Town growth
See Towns#town-growth.
Folder: Game Mechanics
Installation · FAQ
Tutorials and Instructions
Game interface · README.md
InfrastructureTutorials and Instructions
Game interface · README.md
Railways:
- Signals · Stations · Junctions · Carrying capacity · Rail Designs & Tips
Game options · Settings · AI settings ·Custom graphics · Cheats
Graphics and sound
More topicsClimates · Towns · Industries · Economy ·Disasters · Tips ·Hidden features · Hotkeys ·Console · Game Mechanics ·Multiplayer · Scenario editor ·Online content
Troubleshooting · LinksRailways and trains are probably the most fun form of transport to use in OpenTTD. Trains, currently, are the most profitable vehicle. You can build complex rail networks to handle hundreds of trains, and fully control where trains go by using Signals and Waypoints.
See Building railway tracks tutorial to learn how to build tracks.
The four different railway types
Contents |
Railway construction toolbar
Click the railway build button on the menu bar to display the railway construction toolbar.
Here is a quick list of all the buttons (from left to right) and what they do:
Button | Action | Shortcut | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Build Railways | 1,2,3,4 | Builds track(s) in the selected direction, you can click and drag for non-diagonal tracks. Not as efficient as Autorail tool, though. | |
Autorail | A or 5 | A very efficient tool to build tracks in any direction (while might be difficult to use at first). If used with Ctrl key pressed, easily removes tracks. | |
Clear land | 6 | The dynamite tool is used to clear squares of either your own track you've built wrong, or anything that's in your way (well, not anything). Be aware that clicking on station will remove the whole station when there are no trains on it. For one-by-one removing station bits use the remove [R] tool + Station +. | |
Build depot | 7 | Opens the depot build window for you to select a depot direction to build and what direction it will be facing. | |
Build waypoint | 8 | Allows you to build a Waypoints on/over a rail track. | |
Build station | 9 | Opens the station build window for you to select a station size and direction to build. | |
Build signal | S | Allows you to place various traffic Signals on the tracks | |
Build bridge | B | Allows you to build railway Bridges | |
Build tunnel | T | Allows you to build underground Tunnels | |
Remove | R | Click this after you have selected another tool to remove that item. For example you can remove signals from a rail or stations one by one. | |
Convert rail | C | Converts Rails from one type to the currently selected type. |
Besides building on flat land tracks, depots and stations can also be built on slopes.
Types of railways
To select which type of railway to build, click and hold the railway build button in the main menu.
- Normal railways - Available in 1926 (temperate climate) or around 1945 (other climates). Only steam and locomotive Diesel trains run on this railway.
- Electrified railways - Available in 1965, when electric trains arrive. Electric trains will run only on this type of track, unless you disable Electric Railways in the Advanced Settings. Steam and diesel trains can still run on this railway.
- Monorail - Available in 1999. Only trains built in a monorail depot can run on this railway.
- MagLev - Available in 2022. Only Mag-Lev trains can run on this railway.
Note that the availability dates are not set in stone, but are directly linked to the availability of a corresponding vehicle, which can vary some months due to randomness of vehicle introduction, or be completely different if you use any vehicle NewGRF.
Building trains
Openttd Train Depot Back Of Terminus
To build/purchase a new Trains follow these steps:
- Place/build a train Depots and then click it. You will be presented with the depot window.
- Click 'New vehicles'. A new window will pop up with a list of trains to purchase.
- Select an engine and click 'Buy vehicle' at the bottom of the window. The train will then appear in one of the slots in the depot window and a train window will pop up.
- Add wagons to your engine in the same manner. Two wagons fit in one game world tile, keep this in mind when building stations and vice versa.
Openttd Path Signals
See Buying trains for a more detailed tutorial.
Tips
- Always build stations first, before tracks. When you lay a new railway, you will probably destroy some trees and anger a town's Local authority. The local authority will not let you build a station if you destroy too many buildings or nearby trees, but can't stop you laying track!
- When deciding to go over or under an obstruction, tunnels are preferable to bridges. They are sometimes cheaper and don't have maximum speed limit.
- When deciding to go through a town however, first remove obstacles like buildings and streets that would obstruct the track. Don't get too close to its catchment area with the rest of the line and avoid destroying trees. Use bus services, bribing, and reforestation to keep local authorities content with your company until all obstacles are removed.
- It is much more expensive to build track on farmland.
- Shift toggles building and showing cost estimate for all tools.
- For railway construction tools Ctrl toggles build/remove.
- For waypoint and station tools Ctrl enables joining, except when Remove is set. Set Remove [R] then hold Ctrl to also remove the rail.
- When building railway signals, dragging along a straight stretch of rail will build signals. Holding Ctrl when you do this will build signals to the next junction, and setting Remove [R] will remove signals to the next junction. Ctrl+Click on an existing signal to cycle its type. Ctrl+Click on the Signal icon in the toolbar to toggle opening the signal selection window.
See Also
Openttd Train Tutorial
External links
Folder: Manual